Wall tie and bond



Nov. 9 1926. 1,606,201

Y W. H. WILLIS WALL TIE AND BOND Filed Feb. 9. 1926 Patented Nov. 9, 1926.

WILMER Hl WILLIS, OFLOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

WALL TIE AND BOND.

Application led February This invention has to do generally with wall structures and is more particularlyv concerned with wall structures which include a supporting frame covered with a facing which is either wholly or in part made up of cementitious material such` as stucco, concrete or mortar. For instance, the facing may be a solid mass of stucco or concrete, or itmay be of mortar bonded brick. The. invention lies in the provision of a supporting structureandfacing therefor, tied together in a particular. manner, as well as in the tiemember, per se.

Since the invention may be app'liedwith particular advantage to brick veneer walls, I have illustrated and will. describe it as so Y applied, but this is not tofbe construed as limiting the invention, considered in its broader aspects, to this specifi-c application.

Heretofore, the tie between the supporting orV lining structure and the facing of brick veneer wallsl has beenl accomplished through the use of angle clips, the vertical arms of the clips being nailed tothe wooden supe porting frame or` sheathing, andthe, horizontal, corrugated arms of the. clips being embedded in thev mortar between vertically adjacent4 bricks. This method of tying the facing tothe sheathing has the inherent dis.- advantage that only thev bricksimmediately adjacent the clips are directly tied tothe sheathing, and since obviously it is` impracticable to apply the clips between otherv than. a limited number of bricks, bricks inter-A mediate thev clipsoften become horizontally displaced or shift away fromthe sheathingy when the wall is jarredor vibrated. Those bricks farthest from the clipsnaturally shift the most, with the result that the facing bows outwardly between clips, and it then -takes but a comparatively slight ar tostrip the facing from the sheathing. Such conditions arise with particular frequence in localities subject to earthquake shocks, though even the jar of heavy traffic or the weaving of the wall frame during highl ,winds also tend lthus to separate the facing from the sheathing. Therefore, it is among the objects of the invention to provide a form of tie wherein the bricks between anchor clips are tied to the clips and hence indirectly to the sheathing. This isy accom-y plished generally by the provision of wires or rods extending from clip to clip, means being provided to secure the clips and 9, 1926; Serial No. 86,983.

rods fromv relativedisplacement. `*These rods being embedded in; themortar. between bricks, serve not only to vtie and bond l adjacent bricks to one another and through the clips to thefsheathing, butalso serve as general reinforcing; members for the facing. l

The particular nature ofmy improved tie and the method of applyingit to a faced wall may bei-discussedv to better advantage in the following detailed descrip-tion, reference beingmade to theaccompanying drawings, in which; l

Fig.L 1 is a. perspectiveview of atie emebodyingv my invention Fig. 2 isal plan View of one of the tie clips with the connecting or reinforcing rods,

tionA by reinforcing or 'tie rods 11, there preferably, though not` necessarily,.f being more than one; such rod.

Arms 12 and 13y of each clip preferably extend at right. angles with respect tol one another, vertical` arms r12 preferably being punched at.14 to take nails whereby the clip is adapted to be anchored to a su porting structure.` Howevenitwill be evi ent that it is notnecessary to the invention that these holes 14:Y be. preformed in theclip since the metal may beof such gauge that it may be pierced by the nails when the clip is appliedy toa given wall. y Y

While. any suitable method of attaching rods 11 to horizontalv clip arms 13 may be employedI haveshown a preferred method ofattachment vwhich has certain features of advantage over other types of connections.

such asA spot welds. Tabs or tongues 15 are. punched and pressedv outwardly from arms13 and then turned backover rods 11,y

asclearly shown inFig. 3, to clamp the rods tothe face ofv the arms. It will be noted that the free ends 16. of Vclamping tongues 15 point toward vertical arm 12, or inother words, toward the wall to which the clips are 'to be applied. By reason of this ar.- rangement, it is assured that displacement lek) of the rods outwardly from arms 12 or the structure to which said arms may be secured, is prevented.

The terminals 16 may be turned upwardly somewhat as shown in F ig. 3, though 'this is in no way essential to the invention, thereby providing` an angular lip for each tongue which will have a superior hold in the mortar. By reason of the curvature of the tongues, it is also evident `that there will be left openings 17 through arm lbetw'een the terminals 16a-nd-thee1ids of the holes formed by punching out the tongues. These spaces 17 are adapted to receive mortar from above and beneath, and therefore, make provision for a superior mortar hold. f

As stated at the outset, the invention may be applied to any structure made up of a supporting member or lining wall to which a cementitious facing is applied, clips 10 being nailed to the supporting member, and

arms lprojecting horizontally from said' member. By then applying kthe facing to the wall, it will be seen that'clips 10 and rods 11 form a. general reinforcement for the facing and tie said facing to the supporting or lining wall, the clips and rods both, of course, being entirely embedded in the cementitious facing.

However, since the device may be applied with particular' advantage to a brick veneer structure, I -haveillustrated it as so applied.

l/V here a wall is veneered with brick, thereA are certain conditions which do not exist in a solid facing wall, and which are particularly well cared for by the application of my invention. veneer is made up of a plurality of separately applied units (bricks) there is much moreA likelihood of the facing parting from the sheathing, for there is always a tendency for the bricks to shift relatively when the wall is exposed to severe shocks or vibrations. J

In Fig. et I have illustrated a ytypical wall structure made up of sheathing S applied to vertical studs T, these studs being horizontally spaced in the usual manner. studs and facing may be considered, as a whole, as a supporting structure', while the sheathing, alone, may be considered as a lining wall. The structure shown in Fig. 4 is made up ofrwalls A, B, C, D which are joined Ato form a building construction of closed outline, as viewed in plan.

Clips 12 are preferably so horizontally vspaced that when the tie member is applied to the sheathing there may be a clip opposite eac-h stud T and preferably one or more clips intermediate each stud. As the facing F is built up by applying one brick course 20 upon another, the bricks, of course, being laid with their inner faces against sheathing S and being bonded together with mortar M i in the usual'manner, tie member P,-which -For instance, since the brick The may be considered as made up of two or more clips 10 connected by one or more wires 11, are nailed at 21 to sheathing S, and, -where they lie opposite the studs, through the sheathing to said studs. rlhus, after a given brick course 20 has been laid, tie l. .will be nailed to the sheathing just above this course, and then the next course 2Gb laid in .mortar on top course 20a, The clips and rods are thus embedded in the mortar between courses 20 and 20h, and serve not only to tie vertically and horizontally adjacent bricks together and to the sheathing, butalso serve general reinforcementfor the veneer facing. Since the rods are sur- Y rounded onall sides by the mortar and are securely held to the clips, and the clips in turn securely nailed to the sheathing, it will be seen'that the individual bricks as well as the adjacent courses, considered as a whole, are held against lateral displacement and their vtendency to Y bow'r outwardly Abetween clips is counteracted. Ties P may be vertically spaced any desired number of courses, depending upon` the conditions of a given situation,lbut I find that ordinarily a tie memberevery'iifth course suffices.

`Where the ends of two walls meet, the terminals of the reinforcing rods 11 of the two walls are preferably connectedtogether, as by twists 22 or in anyrother suitable manner, the facings on the two walls thus being tied not only to each other, but also to the -two walls. r`hus there may be a net work of reinforcing rods extending completely about a structure of closed outline, the net work being, in effect, continuous about the structure and thereby most effectually resisting all forces tending to displace any facing #with respect to its particular supporting wall.

It will be understood the drawings and description are to be considered merely as illustrative of and not restrictive on the broader claims appended hereto, for Various changes indesign, structure and arrangement may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of said claims.

I claim z.

1. In a tie for holding` a facing having cementitious portions to an upright supporting structure, horizontally spaced clips adapted to be secured to said supporting structure and to extend'horizontally from the outer face of rsaid structure, and a t-ie rod connecting said clips, said clips and rod being adapted to be embedded in said cementitious portions.

2. VIn a tie for holding a facing having cementitious portions to an uprightsupporting structure, a plurality rof horizontally spaced clips each of which includes arms bent substantially at right angles to one another,one arm of each clip being adapted Ytombe secured to the supporting structure,

llU

stantially at right angles with one another, a tie rod connecting Similarly disposed arms of adjacent clips, the connections between said rod and arms embodying tongues punched outwardly from the arms and .clam )ed over said rod the free terminals of l a 1 Y the tongues pointing towards the otner arms of the clips.

In Witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 8th day of January 1926. y

WILMER H. l/VILLS. 

